Ressources en psychocriminologie, psychologie forensique et criminologie
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UNITED NATIONS OFFICE ON DRUGS AND CRIME (2016) Handbook on the Management of Violent Extremist Prisoners and the Prevention of Radicalization
to Violence in Prisons (CRIMINAL JUSTICE HANDBOOK SERIES)

I therefore recommend that Member States: (f) Reform national legal frameworks and penitentiary systems to ensure the security of inmates, personnel and facilities and establish procedures to prevent and counter radicalization in prisons based on human rights and the rule of law (Plan of Action to Prevent Violent Extremism–Report of the Secretary-General, A/70/67 (2015), para. 50(f).)

Law and order cannot be established, and the safety and security of citizens and of the State cannot be preserved, without police and other law enforcement agencies operating in conjunction with functioning justice and corrections systems. Functional corrections systems are also a prerequisite to efforts to tackle « new » global threats, such as violent extremism and transnational organized crime, which are affecting an increasing number of conflict and post-conflict settings. (Prison Support in United Nations Peace Operations (2015), United Nations Department of Peacekeeping Operations, Department of Field Support, Ref. 2015.11.)

Obligation to Prevent Terrorism: To ensure that States fulfil their obligation to prevent terrorism, States must provide the responsible authorities the necessary specialized training and technical and material assistance. States must also adopt, as needed, non-punitive counter-radicalization and deradicalization policies and programs that include engaging and working with … prison rehabilitation programs … to ensure effective implementation and sustainability of these related measures. (Principles and Guidelines on Human and Peoples’ Rights while Countering Terrorism in Africa (2015), Part 1,B. )

An effective system for incarcerating convicted terrorists is a critical part of an effective criminal justice response to terrorism. Such a system should … prevent further radicalization of prisoners, prevent terrorist activities from being directed or supported from within the prison system, and provide for the deradicalization and reintegration of prisoners into society where possible and thereby reduce recidivism.  (Global Counter-Terrorism Forum (2012): Rabat Memorandum on Good Practices for Effective Counterterrorism Practice in the Criminal Justice Sector, Good Practice 11.)

Handbook_on_VEPs

Female inmates at the Pocatello Women’s Correctional Center are ready to take an active stance on improving their lives. They’ve joined joined the Strong Women’s Legacy, the first ever Toastmasters program to be offered at the prison.

“(This) is huge because it gives us a less likely chance not to comeback when we have more support,” inmate, and club President, Alawna Smiddy said.

Through this non-profit educational club the women learn public speaking and leadership skills. Some 20 women have voluntarily signed up, and are joined by local Toastmasters officers who facilitate the meetings. Each week the women give prepared and impromptu speeches.

Tom TYLER (1990) Why people obey the law (Yale University)

Les gens obéissent à la loi s’ils la croient légitime, et non parce qu’ils craignent d’être punis – telle est la conclusion surprenante de l’étude classique de Tom Tyler. Tyler suggère que les législateurs et les responsables de l’application des lois feraient bien mieux de rendre les systèmes juridiques dignes de respect plutôt que d’essayer d’instiller la peur du châtiment. Il constate que les gens obéissent à la loi principalement parce qu’ils croient au respect de l’autorité légitime.

Tom R. Tyler est professeur à l’université de New York, où il enseigne au département de psychologie et à la faculté de droit. Il étudie l’exercice de l’autorité dans les groupes, les organisations et les sociétés. Parmi ses nombreux ouvrages figurent The Social Psychology of Procedural Justice, Social Justice in a Diverse Society, Cooperation in Groups et Trust in the Law.

 

Introduction:

Le premier objectif de cet ouvrage est d’opposer les perspectives instrumentales et normatives sur les raisons pour lesquelles les gens respectent la loi. La perspective instrumentale du citoyen est à la base de ce que l’on appelle la littérature sur la dissuasion : on considère que les gens façonnent leur comportement pour répondre à des changements dans les incitations et les sanctions tangibles et immédiates associées au respect de la loi – à des jugements sur les gains et les pertes personnels résultant de différents types de comportement. Par exemple, l’augmentation de la sévérité et de la certitude de la punition pour avoir commis un crime a souvent été considérée comme un moyen efficace de réduire le taux de commission de ce crime. Lorsque les responsables politiques réfléchissent à la manière d’obtenir la conformité, ils adoptent souvent implicitement une perspective instrumentale.

Bien que la perspective instrumentale ait dominé les examens récents des réactions des citoyens à la loi et aux autorités légales, cette étude explore la conformité d’un point de vue normatif. Elle s’intéresse à l’influence de ce que les gens considèrent comme juste et moral, par opposition à ce qui est dans leur intérêt personnel. Elle examine également le lien entre l’engagement normatif envers les autorités légales et le comportement respectueux de la loi. Si les gens considèrent que le respect de la loi est approprié en raison de leurs attitudes sur la façon dont ils devraient se comporter, ils assumeront volontairement l’obligation de suivre les règles juridiques. Ils se sentiront personnellement engagés à obéir à la loi, qu’ils risquent ou non d’être punis pour avoir enfreint la loi. Cet engagement normatif peut faire intervenir la moralité personnelle ou la légitimité. L’engagement normatif par le biais de la moralité personnelle signifie que l’on obéit à une loi parce que l’on estime que la loi est juste ; l’engagement normatif par le biais de la légitimité signifie que l’on obéit à une loi parce que l’on estime que l’autorité qui applique la loi a le droit de dicter un comportement.

http://www.psych.nyu.edu/tyler/lab/Chapters_1-4.pdf

 

Victoria Pratt (Oct.2016) How judges can show respect

In halls of justice around the world, how can we ensure everyone is treated with dignity and respect? A pioneering judge in New Jersey, Victoria Pratt shares her principles of « procedural justice » — four simple, thoughtful steps that redefined the everyday business of her courtroom in Newark, changing lives along the way. « When the court behaves differently, naturally people respond differently, » Pratt says. « We want people to enter our halls of justice … and know that justice will be served there. »

Victoria Pratt · Professor

Judge Victoria Pratt is inspiring a global revolution in criminal justice.

 

In halls of justice around the world, how can we ensure everyone is treated with dignity and respect? A pioneering judge in New Jersey, Victoria Pratt shares her principles of « procedural justice » — four simple, thoughtful steps that redefined the everyday business of her courtroom in Newark, changing lives along the way. « When the court behaves differently, naturally people respond differently, » Pratt says. « We want people to enter our halls of justice … and know that justice will be served there. »

Evidence‐Based Practices in the Criminal Justice System

Prepared by the NIC Information Center
Date created January 2013, Updated August 2017

What Is the Evidence? Evidence‐based policy and practice is focused on reducing offender risk,
which in turn reduces new crime and improves public safety. Of the many available approaches to
community supervision, a few core principles stand out as proven risk reduction strategies. Though
not all of the principles are supported by the same weight of evidence, each has been proven to
influence positive behavior change. To organize the research, these core principles have been
compiled… into the 8 Principles of evidence‐based practice in corrections (Clawson & Guevara,
2010).

This bibliography is not a complete list of “EBP” citations, but a mere selection based on questions
we receive at the Information Center. Please feel free and even inclined to contact us with additions
to this bibliography, as we plan to continuously update it:  support@nicic.gov

https://s3.amazonaws.com/static.nicic.gov/Library/026917.pdf

https://nicic.gov/evidence-based-practices-criminal-justice-system-annotated-bibliography

Condamnés à en sortir – Dans les prisons norvégiennes

Plus d’un an après la réforme pénale en France, mise en place par la ministre Christiane Taubira et qui prévoit notamment de favoriser la réinsertion des détenus, nous nous sommes intéressés à un pays qui applique ce processus depuis plus de 40 ans : la Norvège
Le pays scandinave a l’un des taux de récidive les plus faibles du monde : 20%. C’est trois fois moins qu’en France.
De l’île prison de Bastoy à l’établissement de haute sécurité d’Ullersmo, nous avons pénétrés dans ces centres pénitenciers où l’on apprend à réintégrer la société.

Charlotte Palau et Roman Ardeois
Ecole de Journalisme de Cannes
Avril 2015
Musique originale : Hugo Loïs x Ouska

 

 

psychopathesDr. Stephen Porter received his Ph.D. in forensic psychology at UBC and currently is a researcher and consultant in the area of psychology and law. After working as a prison psychologist, Dr. Porter spent a decade as a professor at Dalhousie. In 2009, he transferred to UBC Okanagan, where he assumed a position as a professor of psychology and the Director of the Centre for the Advancement of Psychological Science & Law (CAPSL).  Dr. Porter has published numerous scholarly articles on psychopathy and violent behaviour, deception detection, and forensic aspects of memory with funding from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC) and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC). As a registered forensic psychologist in British Columbia, Dr. Porter is frequently consulted by Canadian courts and has been qualified as an expert witness in various areas, including « dangerousness and risk for violence » and « memory and the factors involved in credibility assessments ». He has been consulted by police in serious crime investigations and provides training in deception detection and psychopathy to law enforcement, mental health professional groups, government agencies, journalists, trial judges, and other adjudicators. He proudly hails from Deer Lake, NL.

Mike Woodworth, PhD, is an Professor at UBC Okanagan. He received his Doctor of Philosophy in 2004 from Dalhousie University. His primary areas of research include psychopathy, criminal behaviour, and deception detection. Along with his colleagues, Dr. Stephen Porter and Dr. Zach Walsh, Dr. Woodworth was recently awarded Canadian Foundation for Innovation (CFI) funding to create the “Centre for the Advancement of Psychological Science and Law (CAPSL)”. This facility is a state-of-the-art, world-class research center in which faculty and students conduct cutting-edge studies with relevance to the legal system. Dr. Woodworth was also recently awarded a three-year SSHRC Insight Grant (2012-15) to study language and psychopathy. He was also previously awarded a three-year SSHRC Standard Research Grant (2006-09) to study deception detection in on-line environments. Dr. Woodworth has collaborated on numerous research projects with the RCMP (Royal Canadian Mounted Police) and CSC (Correctional Services of Canada), as well as forensic psychiatric services in both British Columbia and Nova Scotia. He regularly presents at national and international psychology conferences, consults with law enforcement agencies such as the RCMP and the FBI, and serves as an expert witness for the courts.